|
Diiodohydroxyquinoline
|
DB09115 |
[Diiodohydroxyquinoline, also known as uidoquinol, is a quinoline derivative that can be used in the treatment of amoebiasis. The exact mechanism of action is unknown. Iodoquinol is not currently available in any FDA-approved products.] |
|
Polymyxin B
|
DB00781 |
[Polymyxin B was discovered in the 1940s[A176429]. They are basic polypeptides of about eight amino acids and have cationic detergent action on cell membranes[A176426]. Polymyxin B is used for infections with gram-negative organisms, but may be neurotoxic and nephrotoxic[A176426,FDA Label]. All gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and the gram-negative cocci, are resistant[A176426]. It is appropriate for treatment of infections of the urinary tract, meninges, and blood stream, caused by susceptible strains of _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_[FDA Label]. Polymyxin B has a narrow therapeutic index and so its use is limited and unlikely to be used first line[A176429].] |
|
Ceftiofur
|
DB11485 |
[Ceftiofur is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, first described in 1987, and now used in veterinary medicine. It is marketed by pharmaceutical company Zoetis as Excenel, and is the active ingredient in that company's Specramast LC (lactating cow formula) product. It is resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamase, and has activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. E. coli strains resistant to ceftiofur have been reported. The metabolite desfurolyceftiofur also has antibiotic activity, consequently the two compounds are measured together to monitor for antibiotic activity in the milk.] |
|
Balsam of Peru
|
DB11482 |
[Balsam of Peru is a resin that comes from the tree Myroxylon balsamum pereirae. It is constituted by a mixture of substances from which the major components are benzyl cinnamate and [DB00676]. Balsam of Peru has also presented several allergens such as cinnamic acid, [DB06770] and [DB02130].[F117] Under the FDA, balsam of Peru is considered as an inactive ingredient to be used for approved drug products[L2878] as well as an approved food additive under the categorization of generally recognized as safe (GRAS).[L2879] By Health Canada, the balsam of Peru is approved by the use of over-the-counter combination products and it is currently approved in veterinary products.[L1113] By the EMA, the balsam of Peru is approved and categorized under the herbal medicine products.[F121]] |
|
Dexamethasone isonicotinate
|
DB11487 |
[Dexamethasone isonicotinate is an anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic glucocorticoid that can be administered orally, by inhalation, topically, and parenterally. Its unintended mineralocorticoid action may cause salt and water retention.] |
|
Technetium Tc-99m sestamibi
|
DB09161 |
[Technetium Tc-99m sestamibi (commonly sestamibi) is a pharmaceutical agent used in nuclear medicine imaging. The drug is a coordination complex consisting of the radioisotope technetium-99m bound to six methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) ligands, hence the name sesta (6) MIBI.. Following intravenous injection of the drug, Technetium Tc-99m sestamibi is taken up by the myocardium, parathyroid, and/or breast tissue. The mechanism by which sestamibi localizes to these tissues has not been established. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is then performed to detect the gamma ray emmitted by the decay of Technetium-99m to Technetium-99.
Currently available within a preparation kit for injection, Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi is indicated for: 1) detecting coronary artery disease by localizing myocardial ischemia (reversible defects) and infarction (non-reversible defects); and 2) evaluating myocardial function and developing information for use in patient management decisions.] |
|
Atipamezole
|
DB11481 |
[Atipamezole is a synthetic α2 adrenoceptor antagonistused to reverse the sedative and analgesic effects of dexmedetomidine and medetomidine in dogs. It has also been undergone research as a potential anti-Parkinsonian drug for humans.] |
|
Zoalene
|
DB11480 |
[Dinitolmide is a fodder additive for prophylaxis against coccidiosis infections in poultry.] |
|
Technetium Tc-99m tetrofosmin
|
DB09160 |
[Technetium Tc-99m tetrofosmin is a drug used in nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging. The radioisotope, technetium-99m, is chelated by two 1,2-bis[di-(2-ethoxyethyl)phosphino]ethane ligands which belong to the group of diphosphines and which are referred to as tetrofosmin. It is a lipophilic technetium phosphine dioxo cation that was formulated into a freeze-dried kit which yields an injection.[A31592] Technetium Tc-99m tetrofosmin was developed by GE Healthcare and FDA approved on February 9, 1996.] |
|
Technetium Tc-99m exametazime
|
DB09163 |
[Technetium Tc-99m exametazime is a radiopharmaceutical sold under the trade name Ceretec used in the detection of altered regional cerebral perfusion in stroke and other cerebrovascular diseases. It can also be used for the labelling of leukocytes to localise intra-abdominal infections and inflammatory bowel disease. Exametazime, also known as hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime or HMPAO, acts as a chelating agent for the Tc-99m radioisotope.] |
|
Technetium Tc-99m pyrophosphate
|
DB09165 |
[A radionuclide imaging agent used primarily in scintigraphy or tomography of the heart to evaluate the extent of the necrotic myocardial process. It has also been used in noninvasive tests for the distribution of organ involvement in different types of amyloidosis and for the evaluation of muscle necrosis in the extremities.] |
|
Technetium Tc-99m disofenin
|
DB09164 |
[Technetium Tc-99m disofenin is a radiopharmaceutical agent used in hepatobiliary imaging for diagnostic purposes. It is well suited for both planar and single photon tomographic scintigraphy to quantitatively measure the function of liver, gallbladder and bile ducts and detect any anatomical changes in the hepatobliary system. It is available as an intravenous injection in a preparation kit under the name Hepatolite. Technetium Tc-99m is a metastable nuclear isomer and disofenin is an iminodiacetic acid derivative with no known pharmacologic actions at the doses recommended. However disofenin is the most commonly used iminodiacetic acid since it has a high liver to renal extraction and its hepatic uptake is not as highly dependent on serum bilirubin levels (a competitive inhibitor for liver uptake) as are other tracers from the iminodiacetic acid.] |
|
Dosulepin
|
DB09167 |
[Dosulepin (INN, BAN) formerly known as dothiepin (USAN), is a tricyclic antidepressant with anxiolytic properties that is used in several European and South Asian countries, as well as Australia, South Africa, and New Zealand. It is not FDA-approved due to low therpeutic index and significant toxicity in overdose. Dosulepin inhibits the reuptake of biogenic amines, increasing available neurotransmitter levels at the synaptic cleft. The use of dosulepsin is only recommended in patients who are intolerant or unresponsive to alternative antidepressant therapies. Dosulepsin is a thio derivative of [DB00321] with a similar efficacy to that of [DB00321], and also exhibits anticholinergic, antihistamine and central sedative properties [L882].
Its hydrochloride form is a common active ingredient in different drug formulations.] |
|
Etizolam
|
DB09166 |
[Etizolam is a thienodiazepine which is chemically related to benzodiazepine (BDZ) drug class; it differs from BDZs in having a benzene ring replaced with a thiophene ring. It is an agonist at GABA-A receptors and possesses amnesic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Initially introduced in 1983 in Japan as treatment for neurological conditions such as anxiety and sleep disorders, etizolam is marketed in Japan, Italy and India. It is not approved for use by FDA in the US; however it remains unscheduled in several states and is legal for research purposes.] |
|
3-Allylfentanyl
|
DB09169 |
[3-allyfentanyl is a fentanyl derivative opioid that can cause itching, nausea and serious respiratory depression. Fentanyl and its analogs have killed thousands of people around the world as drugs of abuse.] |
|
4-Phenylfentanyl
|
DB09168 |
[4-Phenylfentanyl is a sythetic opioid derived from fentanyl. 4-Phenylfentanyl is around 8x the potency of fentanyl in analgesic tests on animals, but more complex 4-heteroaryl derivatives such as substituted thiophenes and thiazoles are more potent still, as they are closer bioisosteres to the 4-carbomethoxy group of carfentanil.] |
|
2-mercaptobenzothiazole
|
DB11496 |
|
|
(S)-methoprene
|
DB11495 |
|
|
Sodium tripolyphosphate
|
DB11493 |
[Sodium tripolyphosphate is an inorganic compound with formula Na5P3O10 and the sodium salt of the polyphosphate penta-anion. It is used as a component of a wide range domestic and industrial products, particularly detergents.] |
|
Sulfotep
|
DB11497 |
|
