|
Adipocytes
|
D017667 |
[Cells in the body that store FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. WHITE ADIPOCYTES are the predominant type and found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue. BROWN ADIPOCYTES are thermogenic cells that can be found in newborns of some species and hibernating mammals.
] |
|
Adipocytes, Beige
|
D000069797 |
[Brown fat-like cells that develop in the WHITE FAT from non-MYOGENIC REGULATORY FACTOR 5 expressing CELL LINEAGE.
] |
|
Adipocytes, Brown
|
D052437 |
[Fat cells with dark coloration due to the densely packed MITOCHONDRIA. They contain numerous small lipid droplets or vacuoles. Their stored lipids can be converted directly to energy as heat by the mitochondria.
] |
|
Adipocytes, White
|
D052438 |
[Fat cells with light coloration and few MITOCHONDRIA. They contain a scant ring of CYTOPLASM surrounding a single large lipid droplet or vacuole.
] |
|
Adipogenesis
|
D050156 |
[The differentiation of pre-adipocytes into mature ADIPOCYTES.
] |
|
Adipokines
|
D054392 |
[Polypeptides produced by the ADIPOCYTES. They include LEPTIN; ADIPONECTIN; RESISTIN; and many cytokines of the immune system, such as TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN-6; and COMPLEMENT FACTOR D (also known as ADIPSIN). They have potent autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine functions.
] |
|
Adiponectin
|
D052242 |
[A 30-kDa COMPLEMENT C1Q-related protein, the most abundant gene product secreted by FAT CELLS of the white ADIPOSE TISSUE. Adiponectin modulates several physiological processes, such as metabolism of GLUCOSE and FATTY ACIDS, and immune responses. Decreased plasma adiponectin levels are associated with INSULIN RESISTANCE; TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; and ATHEROSCLEROSIS.
] |
|
Adipose Tissue
|
D000273 |
[Encapsulated adipose tissue.
, Specialized connective tissue composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It is the site of stored FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. In mammals, there are two types of adipose tissue, the WHITE FAT and the BROWN FAT. Their relative distributions vary in different species with most adipose tissue being white.
] |
|
Adipose Tissue, Beige
|
D000069796 |
[Brown fat-like adipose tissue that develops in WHITE ADIPOSE TISSUE from non-MYOGENIC REGULATORY FACTOR 5 expressing cell lineage.
] |
|
Adipose Tissue, Brown
|
D002001 |
[A thermogenic form of adipose tissue composed of BROWN ADIPOCYTES. It is found in newborns of many species including humans, and in hibernating mammals. Brown fat is richly vascularized, innervated, and densely packed with MITOCHONDRIA which can generate heat directly from the stored lipids.
] |
|
Adipose Tissue, White
|
D052436 |
[Fatty tissue composed of WHITE ADIPOCYTES and generally found directly under the skin (SUBCUTANEOUS FAT) and around the internal organs (ABDOMINAL FAT). It has less vascularization and less coloration than the BROWN FAT. White fat provides heat insulation, mechanical cushion, and source of energy.
] |
|
Adiposis Dolorosa
|
D000274 |
[A rare disease characterized by multiple tumor-like fatty deposits that press on nerves in various sites causing pain and weakness. Often these lipoma-like structures are located on the trunk and limbs but not on the face and hands.
] |
|
Adiposity
|
D050154 |
[The amount of fat or lipid deposit at a site or an organ in the body, an indicator of body fat status.
] |
|
Adjustment Disorders
|
D000275 |
[Maladaptive reactions to identifiable psychosocial stressors occurring within a short time after onset of the stressor. They are manifested by either impairment in social or occupational functioning or by symptoms (depression, anxiety, etc.) that are in excess of a normal and expected reaction to the stressor.
] |
|
Adjuvants, Anesthesia
|
D000759 |
[Agents that are administered in association with anesthetics to increase effectiveness, improve delivery, or decrease required dosage.
] |
|
Adjuvants, Immunologic
|
D000276 |
[Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.
] |
|
Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic
|
D000277 |
[Agents that aid or increase the action of the principle drug (DRUG SYNERGISM) or that affect the absorption, mechanism of action, metabolism, or excretion of the primary drug (PHARMACOKINETICS) in such a way as to enhance its effects.
] |
|
Administration, Buccal
|
D000278 |
[Administration of a soluble dosage form between the cheek and gingiva. It may involve direct application of a drug onto the buccal mucosa, as by painting or spraying.
] |
|
Administration, Cutaneous
|
D000279 |
[The application of suitable drug dosage forms to the skin for either local or systemic effects.
] |
|
Administration, Inhalation
|
D000280 |
[The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.
] |
