The enzymatically catalyzed modifications of the amino acid component of an AMINO ACYL TRNA. This includes modifications such as the conversion of the seryl-tRNA to selenocysteinyl-tRNA which is eventually used during GENETIC TRANSLATION in the biosynthesis of selenoproteins.

Any of the enzymatically catalyzed modifications of the individual AMINO ACIDS of PROTEINS, and enzymatic cleavage or crosslinking of peptide chains that occur pre-translationally (on the amino acid component of AMINO ACYL TRNA), co-translationally (during the process of GENETIC TRANSLATION), or after translation is completed (POST-TRANSLATIONAL PROTEIN PROCESSING).

Synonyms: Co Translational Amino Acid Modification, Protein Processing, Cotranslational, Protein Processing, Co Translational, Modification, Co-Translational Protein, Cotranslational Protein Processing, Amino Acid Modification, Co-Translational, Translational Protein Modification, Protein Modifications, Cotranslational, Protein Processing, Co-Translational, Cotranslational Protein Modifications, Amino Acid Modification, Pre Translational, Pretranslational Amino Acid Modification, Protein Modification, Co-Translational, Cotranslational Protein Modification, Amino Acid Modification, Pretranslational, Translational Protein Modifications, Co-Translational Amino Acid Modification, Amino Acid Modification, Pre-Translational, Co-Translational Protein Modifications, Protein Modification, Co Translational, Translational Amino Acid Modification, Protein Modification, Translational, Amino Acid Modification, Translational, Protein Processing, Translational, Protein Modification, Cotranslational, Modifications, Co-Translational Protein, Processing, Co-Translational Protein, Protein Modifications, Translational, Protein Modifications, Co-Translational, Co Translational Protein Processing, Pre-Translational Amino Acid Modification, Pre Translational Amino Acid Modification, Translational Protein Processing, Co-Translational Protein Modification, Co-Translational Protein Processing, Amino Acid Modification, Co Translational