Substances that can function like HEMOGLOBINS in the capacity to carry oxygen to and carbon dioxide away from the tissues when introduced into the blood stream. The best known are the perfluorocarbon emulsions.

Substances that are used in place of blood, for example, as an alternative to BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS after blood loss to restore BLOOD VOLUME and oxygen-carrying capacity to the blood circulation, or to perfuse isolated organs.

Chemically-engineered hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers or ARTIFICIAL HEMOGLOBIN oxygen carriers. They may or may not be encapsulated by ARTIFICIAL MEMBRANES.

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