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Ammonia
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DB11118 |
[Ammonia is a naturally-occurring compound with a chemical formula NH3 and structure of trigonal pyramidal geometry. It is a colorless gas with a pungent smell, and become NH4, or ammonium ion, when in water. Although ammonia is used as a food additive in the anhydrous form and serves as a starting material in pharmaceutical and commercial products, it is caustic and hazardous when concentrated. Ammonia gas has been used in the clinical setting as a respiratory stimulant to prevent fainting. The radiolabelled form of ammonia, ammonia N 13, is intravenously administered as a radioactive diagnostic agent for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of the myocardium to evaluate myocardial perfusion. Ammonia is a natural byproduct of biological and chemical reactions, including decomposition of organic matter, including plants, animals, and animal wastes. It is present in normally present in all tissues constituting a metabolic pool, where it is mostly taken up by glutamic acid and take part in transamination and other reactions, including the synthesis of protein by the Krebs-Hanseleit cycle in the liver [L2033]. It is proposed that human adults produce about 1000 mmol of ammonia daily, most of which undergoes excretion in the urine.] |
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Sp-Adenosine-3',5'-Cyclic-Monophosphorothioate
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DB01790 |
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Undecylenic acid
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DB11117 |
[Undecylenate, or undecylenic acid, is an unsaturated fatty acid with a terminal double bond that is derived from castor oil. Undecylenic acid is also found naturally in the human sweat. It is used as a precursor in the manufacture of aromatic chemicals, polymers or modified silicones [L1891]. Undecylenic acid was first isolated from the products of distillation of castor oil in 1877 via pyrolysis of ricinoleic acid, and has been polymerized for vinyl production [A32281]. It it suggested that many organic fatty acids exert fungicidal or fungistatic actions. Undecylenic acid also possesses antifungal properties, but is never used on its own for antifungal purposes. Salts of undecylenate are found in topical over-the-counter or mixture products as antifungal agents. Zinc undecylenate is an example of a topical antifungal agent that treats skin infections such as athlete’s foot and relieves itching, burning, and irritation associated with the skin condition. Due to its bifunctional properties, undecylenate is also used as a linking molecule to conjugate other biomolecules such as proteins. It serves as an acid moiety for anabolic steroid boldenone.] |
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Aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex gly
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DB11116 |
[Aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex gly is a common active ingredient in deodorant and antiperspirant products for the over-the-counter use. It is consisted of a mixture of monomeric and polymeric Zr4+ and Al3+ complexes with hydroxide, chloride and glycine. The compound forms a colloidal plug in sweat pores, preventing sweat from leaving the body.] |
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Nadifloxacin
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DB12447 |
[Nadifloxacin has been used in trials studying the treatment of Acne Vulgaris.] |
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Cefazedone
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DB13778 |
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Guanoclor
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DB13779 |
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Lifibrol
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DB12448 |
[Lifibrol has been used in trials studying the basic science of Hyperlipoproteinemia and Hypercholesterolemia.] |
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Tempol
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DB12449 |
[Tempol has been used in trials studying the treatment of Anal Cancer.] |
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Sonedenoson
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DB12443 |
[Sonedenoson has been used in trials studying the treatment of Foot Ulcer, Diabetic and Diabetes Complications.] |
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Myristalkonium
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DB13774 |
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Witch hazel
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DB11111 |
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Magnesium citrate
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DB11110 |
[Magnesium citrate is a low volume and osmotic cathartic agent. The cathartic action works primarily through the high osmolarity of the solution which draws large amounts of fluid into space where is used.[T215] Magnesium citrate is considered by the FDA as an approved inactive ingredient for approved drug products under the specifications of oral administration of a maximum concentration of 237 mg.[L2831] It is also considered as an active ingredient in over-the-counter products.[L1113]] |
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Tertatolol
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DB13775 |
[Tertatolol is a beta blocker.] |
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Theanine
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DB12444 |
[Theanine, a precursor of ethylamine, is found in green tea. It is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00291070 (Effects of L-Theanine in Boys With ADHD).] |
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Ibacitabine
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DB13776 |
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Nitroaspirin
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DB12445 |
[Nitroaspirin has been investigated for the treatment of Intermittent Claudication.] |
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Prenalterol
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DB13777 |
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Derenofylline
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DB12446 |
[Derenofylline has been used in trials studying the treatment of Congestive Heart Failure and Acute Decompensated Heart Failure; Renal Dysfunction.] |
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Ensulizole
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DB11115 |
[Ensulizole, also known as 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, is a water-soluble sunscreen agent that absorbs strongly at UV-B wavelengths. It is commonly found in cosmetic products and sunscreen formulas in combination with other UV filter compounds due to its minimal protection against UV-A wavelengths. Due to its water solubility, ensulizole is commonly used in products formulated to feel light and less oily [A32259]. It was demonstrated by studies that ensulizole treatment provided protection against cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and photosensitized the formation of oxidized guanine bases after UV-A or UV-B exposure [A27151]. According to the FDA, the maximal approved concentration of ensulizole is 148 mM although concentrations ranging between 74 and 148mM can be found in commercial sunscreen products [A27151].] |
