All terms in DRUGBANK

Label Id Description
Carbinoxamine DB00748 [Carbinoxamine is a first generation antihistamine that competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. This antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors, leading to a reduction of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine HA-receptor binding. The product label for carbinoxamine as an over the counter cough and cold medicine is being modified to state "do not use" in children under 4 years of age in order to prevent and reduce misuse, as many unapproved carbinoxamine-containing preparations contained inappropriate labeling, which promoted unapproved uses (including management of congestion, cough, the common cold, and the use in children under 2 years of age), which can potentially cause serious health risks.]
Scopolamine DB00747 [An alkaloid from Solanaceae, especially Datura metel L. and Scopola carniolica. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics like atropine, but may have more central nervous system effects. Among the many uses are as an anesthetic premedication, in urinary incontinence, in motion sickness, as an antispasmodic, and as a mydriatic and cycloplegic.]
Etodolac DB00749 [Etodolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Its therapeutic effects are due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. It is indicated for relief of signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.]
Zileuton DB00744 [Leukotrienes are substances that induce numerous biological effects including augmentation of neutrophil and eosinophil migration, neutrophil and monocyte aggregation, leukocyte adhesion, increased capillary permeability, and smooth muscle contraction. These effects contribute to inflammation, edema, mucus secretion, and bronchoconstriction in the airways of asthmatic patients. Zileuton relieves such symptoms through its selective inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of leukotrienes from arachidonic acid. Specifically, it inhibits leukotriene LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 formation. Both the R(+) and S(-) enantiomers are pharmacologically active as 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors in in vitro systems. The immediate release tablet of Zileuton has been withdrawn from the US market.]
Gadobenic acid DB00743 [Gadobenic acid (in the form of gadobenate dimeglumine) is an MRI contrast agent used primarily for MR imaging of the liver. It can also be used for visualizing the CNS and heart. In contrast to conventional extracellular fluid contrast agents, gadobenate dimeglumine is characterized by a weak and transient binding capacity to serum proteins. This binding leads to an increased relaxivity of gadobenate dimeglumine and, consequently, to a considerably increased signal intensity over that of other agents.]
Deferoxamine DB00746 [Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.]
Modafinil DB00745 [Modafinil is a stimulant drug marketed as a 'wakefulness promoting agent' and is one of the stimulants used in the treatment of narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is caused by dysfunction of a family of wakefulness-promoting and sleep-suppressing peptides, the orexins, whose neurons are activated by modafinil. The prexin neuron activation is associated with psychoactivation and euphoria. The exact mechanism of action is unclear, although in vitro studies have shown it to inhibit the reuptake of dopamine by binding to the dopamine reuptake pump, and lead to an increase in extracellular dopamine. Modafinil activates glutamatergic circuits while inhibiting GABA.]
Riluzole DB00740 [A glutamate antagonist (receptors, glutamate) used as an anticonvulsant (anticonvulsants) and to prolong the survival of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Riluzole is marketed as Rilutek by Sanofi.]
Mannitol DB00742 [Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. Mannitol may also be used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established; the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances; as an Antiglaucoma agent; and as a renal function diagnostic aid.]
Hydrocortisone DB00741 [Hydrocortisone, or cortisol, is a glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.[A188387] Hydrocortisone is used to treat immune, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions.[L10529,L10532,L10535,L10538,L7772,L7321] It was discovered in the 1930s by Edward Kendall and named Compound F, or 17-hydroxycorticosterone.[A188420] Hydrocortisone was granted FDA approval on 5 August 1952.[L10574]]
Turofexorate isopropyl DB12719 [Fxr 450 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00509756 (Study Evaluating Turofexorate isopropyl in Healthy Japanese Men).]
Oltipraz DB12539 [Oltipraz has been used in trials studying the treatment and prevention of Lung Cancer, Liver Fibrosis, Liver Cirrhosis, and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.]
Amiloxate DB11207 [Amiloxate is an EMA-approved chemical UV-filter found in over-the-counter sunscreen products at concentrations up to 10%m [F35]. It is often referred to as isoamyl 4-methoxycinnamate or isoamyl p-methoxycinnamate. Amiloxate is a cinnamic acid derivative with an anti-inflammatory activity [A32916].]
Bemotrizinol DB11206 [Bemotrizinol, or bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, is an organic UV filter found in over-the-counter sunscreen products. It primarily absorbs UV-A rays. Compared to older broad-spectrum chemical agents, bemotrizinol is more more fat soluble (oil soluble in cosmetic oils) to aid in efficacy and broad-spectrum activity [A19212]. It is claimed to be photostable, which increases its onset of action and its efficiency in providing protection against UV-rays upon topical application [A19212, A32909]. Bemotrizinol is commonly marketed as Tinosorb S and Escalol S.]
Alcloxa DB11205
Panthenol DB11204 [Panthenol is an alcohol derivative of pantothenic acid, a component of the B complex vitamins and an essential component of a normally functioning epithelium. Panthenol exists as a racemic mixture containing both the dextrorotatory form (dexpanthenol) and the levorotatory form (levopanthenol). While pantothenic acid is optically active, only the dextrorotatory form ([DB09357]) is biologically active. Dexpanthenol, the active form of panthenol, is enzymatically cleaved to form pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5), which is an essential component of Coenzyme A that acts as a cofactor in many enzymatic reactions that are important for protein metabolism in the epithelium [A32373]. Due to its good penetration and high local concentrations, dexpanthanol is used in many topical products, such as ointments and lotions for treatment of dermatological conditions to relieve itching or promote healing. Dermatological effects of the topical use of dexpanthenol include increased fibroblast proliferation and accelerated re-epithelialization in wound healing. Furthermore, it acts as a topical protectant, moisturizer, and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties [A32377].]
AC-430 DB12535 [AC430 has been investigated for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.]
Etynodiol DB13866 [Etynodiol (INN), or ethynodiol (BAN) is a steroidal progestin related to norethisterone which was never marketed. While etynodiol is sometimes used as a synonym for etynodiol diacetate, it usually refers to etynodiol diacetate (see [DB00823]), not etynodiol.]
N-acetylmannosamine DB12536 [N-acetylmannosamine is under investigation for the other of GNE Myopathy.]
Fluticasone DB13867 [Fluticasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid available as 2 esters, [DB08906] and [DB00588][F4355,F4358,F4361,F4364][FDA Label]. These drugs are available as inhalers, nasal, sprays, and topical treatments for various inflammatory indications[F4355,F4358,F4361,F4364][FDA Label]. [DB00588] was first approved in 1990[L5962] and [DB08906] was approved in 2007[L5965].]